Shared code

/* 777 */
#include "bits/stdc++.h"
using namespace std;

#define int long long 

// const int MOD=1e9+7;
vector<int>vec;

void solve(){
	int q;cin>>q;
	while(q--){
		int i,j;cin>>i>>j;
		// - for odd, + for even
		if(i>j){
			if((i&1)==0){
				cout<<(i*i)-(j-1)<<'\n';
			} else {
				cout<<(i-1)*(i-1)+1+(j-1)<<'\n';
			}
		}else{
			if(j&1){
				cout<<j*j-(i-1)<<'\n';
			} else {
				cout<<(j-1)*(j-1)+1+(i-1)<<'\n';
			}
		}
	}
}

signed main(){
	ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
	cin.tie(nullptr);
	solve();
}